The Apostle Paul calls us Jars of Clay (2 Corinthians 4:7). As followers of Jesus we must allow the Word of God to fill us with it's message of Truth and Grace. In this way, we become a "vessel for honor, sanctified, useful to the Master, prepared for every good work" (2 Timothy 2:21).

Thursday, January 10, 2013

January 10th Bible Study Companion


Matthew 5-7
Matthew 5
*      Matthew 5:3  Make no mistake; Jesus began with this statement so that everyone who was listening would come to the same realization as Isaiah; “Woe is me, I am ruined” (Isaiah 6:5).  There are some Bible translations that use the word “Happy” instead of the word “blessed”.  But when you consider the desired effect (what Jesus really wants us realize), there is really nothing “Happy” about it.  A more accurate translation of verse three is, “The Blessed are those who know they are poor in spirit.”  According to Jesus, we will not inherit the Kingdom of Heaven unless we recognize that we are poor in spirit; that there is nothing good about ourselves when compared to the righteousness of Jesus.  It is those who know they are poor in spirit who will find heaven waiting for them.  “They ask God to do for them what they can’t do without Him”[1], says Max Lucado.  How true.  Only when we understand our helplessness will we turn to the Lord for help.
*      Mathew 5:4  Keep in mind that these are attitudes of our heart, not something we do.  I am not blessed by observing a set of mourning rituals.  What Jesus was basically saying is “The Blessed are those who have heard God speak about their sin, who have listened to God, and who honestly feel sorry for what they have been doing or the way they have been living.  It is those people who will be comforted by God” (My paraphrase).  Since this is true, then for a Church to really demonstrate love, it will be a church where the Holy Spirit is allowed to speak to someone about their sin.  I believe there is something else in these words that are just important.  Notice that Jesus says it is the attitude of mourning which brings the comfort, not the absence of sin.  He doesn’t say “The Blessed are those who have nothing to mourn about.”  It is not those who stop sinning who will find comfort; it is those who continue to sin even though they try so hard not to.  The person who wakes up each morning wanting to live a life that is pleasing to God and who yet sometimes stumbles and falls; this is the person who will be comforted.  This is the person who comes to Christ with godly sorrow once again, who is then embraced by our Lord; He gently picks them up, and sets them back on their feet again.
*      Matthew 5:5  Many of us confuse the character trait of humility, or “meekness” as some Bibles call it, with the trait of “weakness”.  But according to one Bible dictionary, meekness (or humility) in reality is strength and courage under control, coupled with kindness.  “Bridled Passion”, as one commentary puts it, because a bridle is what we put on a horse’s head to guide and restrain them.  In effect, Jesus is saying, “The Blessed are those who are willing to submit themselves to God and His Word, which, in turn, affects the way they respond to others.  These are the ones who will inherit the earth”.  The reality is that it takes more strength for a person to restrain themselves than it does to follow their passion.  King Solomon says, “He who is slow to anger is better than the mighty; and he who rules his spirit than he who captures a city”.  (Proverbs 16:32).  The reality is that there is more godly strength demonstrated in the person who rules his spirit than in the person who flies off the handle and is always in conflict with others.  The “Meek” are the ones who truly demonstrate that God is Lord of their lives.  The “Meek” are the ones who truly demonstrate to a watching world the reality of God’s ability to change lives.  The “Meek” are the ones whose “Bridled Passion” will point heavenward.
*      Matthew 5:6  The original language in this scripture indicates that this is a deep longing; like when a person realizes they are facing a famine and cannot possibly feed themselves.  In other words, “Blessed are you when your all-consuming desire is to be accepted as holy and blameless by your God, but to realize that there is nothing YOU can possible do to make that happen.”  Jesus speaks of a person being blessed because their greatest desire was to find favor in the eyes of God.  But for far too long we’ve been told that righteousness is ACTING in accord to God’s laws; that we are righteous by what we do.  But righteousness is not an act or a show.  Jesus didn’t say, “Blessed are those who act righteous”, but “Blessed are those who HUNGER and THIRST for righteousness”.  There’s a big difference here.  It is the attitude of your heart that Jesus sees, and when He sees that you long to be right with God and that you know this righteousness depends upon Him, Christ will satisfy your longing.
*      Matthew 5:7  The meaning of the word Christ used here that we have called mercy is more than just pity or feeling sorry for what another person is going through.  Christ used a word that literally means to get inside the other person.  The one who is merciful is the one who is able to see things through the eyes of the other person.  And since it is through Christ that we are able to have mercy, we become a person who is able to look at someone through the eyes of Jesus.  Now most of us probably feel that we are quite merciful.  We feel sorry when people suffer.  We are sympathetic to those who are in pain, but being merciful goes far deeper than that.  To demonstrate mercy, using Christ’s definition, is to understand why someone acts the way they do.  We are to clothe ourselves with tenderhearted mercy toward one another (compare Colossians 3:12-13).  But Jesus doesn’t simply say that a merciful person is a blessing to others.  He also points out that a merciful person will receive mercy.  There is something transformative that happens when we begin to see others with merciful eyes.  If we do this often enough, I believe we even begin to see ourselves with merciful eyes.  We begin to realize just how precious we are to the Father.  I know of a man who shows no mercy toward others.  And it is this same man who continually dwells on his sin; “Chief among Sinners” he often describes himself.  He doesn’t know mercy from God because he shows no mercy toward others.
*      Matthew 5:8  Why do you think Jesus included “pure heart” among the attitudes that are to be demonstrated to others?  It’s because our conduct either confirms our witness or condemns it.   More than just talking the talk, we need to walk the walk.  Everyone is watching what we do, where we go, or what we say.  Granted, it is not right living that saves our soul, but the way we live does give testimony to what is within our heart.  And our conduct may either lead someone to Christ or away from Him for all eternity.  We say that we are saved.  We say that Christ has redeemed us.  We tell others to surrender their lives to Him.  We talk about obedient living.  We shout hallelujah when the name of Jesus is proclaimed.  But unless we live a pure life for others to see, our testimony is useless.  If all we do is talk about the transformational power of Christ to the people we know, anything we say will be defeated when our actions tell them otherwise.  As John the Apostle points out, “the one who says he abides in Him ought himself to walk in the same manner as He walked” (1 John 2:6).
*      Matthew 5:9  According to Jesus, the peacemakers are those individuals who have a calming influence on others; who not only can teach the things that make for peace, but also introduce others to the transforming power of God and His Spirit. [2]  James points out that if we indeed are to be working for peace as Christ describes, we will be guided by God’s standard of peace.  “People who work for peace in a peaceful way plant a good crop of right-living” (James 3:18).  I like that.  “Working for Peace in a Peaceful way”.  That’s the difference between being a peace maker and merely a person who promotes the absence of conflict.  The person who works for peace is the one who comes between opposing parties and represents Christ; who calls us to have a Christ-like attitude when dealing with people we don’t agree with.  A Peacemaker will speak words that heal and unite, rather than hurt and divide.  A Peacemaker will help you see others through the eyes of Jesus.  The peacemaker is the one who holds on to Christ when others are divided.
*      Matthew 5:10  Has this ever happened to you?  Have you ever been criticized for doing the right thing?  I know from firsthand experience that this happens out in the world, but I have seen this happen even within the church.  Church leaders are often criticized for disciplining members.  Church leaders are often criticized for showing grace.  Church leaders are criticized for making decisions that will actually improve the health of the church, but those decisions mean change.  I think most Christians expect this criticism and persecution to come from the world, but few of us expect it to come from the Church.  But it is the Christian who continues to pursue what is right and godly that has the Kingdom of Heaven within their heart.  And often what is right and godly is not pleasant and popular.  Think of what people say about the individual who calls the church to live by faith and not by finances.  Most would say that he is not being realistic or a good steward.  Yet in spite of the ridicule, his heart continues to find trust and faith in God.
*      Matthew 5:11-12  I doubt very few individuals feel blessed when people mock them and persecute them and lie about them and say all sorts of evil things against them, especially when it is from other Christians.  Yes, other Christians.  Mocking and lying and ridicule do not merely come from the world; this trait has found its way into the Church as well.  And doesn’t it seem strange that Jesus says we are supposed to rejoice about this?  Actually, He is right.  In biblical history it was those working for God who were persecuted the most.  The people even mocked and lied about Jesus.  So when we are slandered, defamed, lied about, and when our ministry is sabotaged, we are experiencing the same thing others who labored for God experienced; indicating that what we are doing IS of God.  Out of the mouth of the unrighteous come all sorts of lies and slander; and their attacks are not directed at those who are unrighteous, but toward those who are righteous.
*      Matthew 5:13-16  Christ’s followers could be compared to salt and light.  Those who are like salt either create a thirst for the Kingdom of Heaven because of their Christ-like attitude, or they preserve the world from evil.  Whichever interpretation you like, the important part is that the salt maintains its basic character.  The Beatitudes become the standard against which we measure the attitude of our heart.
*      Matthew 5:17-20  Righteousness has always been granted by God to a person who demonstrated faith.  It has never been given to someone who obeyed a list of rules and regulations.  But the Pharisees were teaching this.  They were teaching that righteousness came through obedience to the Law.  Not so, says Jesus. Turning to the crown, Jesus says that even the righteousness demonstrated by the teachers of the Law and the Pharisees was not sufficient.  Jesus wasn’t teaching a new way to righteousness.  He wasn’t trying to change the Law and the Prophets (the Old Testament).  He came in fulfillment to what they said.  In the Old Testament a person was counted righteous by their faith in God’s promises.  He promised that guilt would be removed through a prescribed sacrificial system.  But one day guilt would be removed through His Suffering Servant.  In New Testament times, believers are counted righteous again because of their faith in God’s promises.  He promised that guilt would be removed through belief in the Man God sent to save.  Salvation is given because of our faith.  It always has been and it always will be.  And it will always happen because of our faith in God’s promises.
*      Matthew 5:21-47  To demonstrate the futility in judging themselves righteous according to their own standards, Jesus raises the bar on what righteousness really looks like according to God.  Jesus takes several examples used by the Pharisees to extol their own adherence to the Law, and demonstrates that in reality they fall far short of God’s glorious standard.  In God’s standard of righteousness the attitude within a person’s heart is enough to condemn them.  I may not pull the trigger, but if I did in my heart, then I am guilty (Matthew 5:21-26).  I may not physically sleep with another woman, but if I give in to lust, I am guilty of adultery (Matthew 5:27-30).  Jesus questions man’s interpretation of divorce, where it is treated as something casual and acceptable.  But Jesus says that divorce is a sin (Matthew 5:31-32), regardless of what some man (even Moses) may have permitted (see Matthew 19:8).  Jesus corrects their understanding about vows (Matthew 5:33-37), about revenge (Matthew 5:38-42), and about the true measure of Love (Matthew 5:43-47).  So if a person (especially a Pharisee) wants to think that they have earned God’s favor by being such a wonderful, righteous person, they better be measuring themselves against God’s standard, not their own.
*      Matthew 5:48  Jesus concludes by saying we are to be perfect, which is something humanly impossible.  No one is perfect.  No one is sinless, especially when Jesus raises the bar so high.  No one could ever be sinless according to that standard.  Which is exactly the point Jesus was trying to make.  Jesus wasn’t trying to convince us to strive for this level of sinlessness, but to point out our hopelessness.  Jesus isn’t trying to teach us to never lust (although we should not) or never get angry (again, something we should try to avoid), but to point out the obvious impossibility of any human ever obtaining this level of righteousness.  Thankfully our righteousness does not rest upon our sinlessness; it rests in the grace of God.
Matthew 6
*      Matthew 6:1-4  Continuing to emphasize a person’s heart, Jesus speaks of a person’s motivation for doing good toward others.  Certain members of the Jewish Religious Community (some being Pharisees) demonstrated their righteousness by drawing attention to their acts of kindness and service (compare Matthew 23:5).  But Jesus warns them to draw attention to God, not themselves.  I kind of struggle with this from time to time.  There are times I feel guilty for telling others what my church has been doing for the kingdom.  I don’t want to appear like the people Jesus was talking about in this section.  Yet I am also aware that the world desperately needs to know that there are Christians and congregations who are truly laboring for the Kingdom.  Often the line between encouraging and boasting is difficult to see.  Why do I feel it necessary to tell others about the great work being accomplished at my church?  Do I share it so that others will be impressed with my leadership, or do I share it so others might be encouraged?  I guess my only advice is that it’s probably safer to err on the side of quiet servitude rather than crossing the line and not knowing it.  “Be careful”, Jesus warns.  “Watch out!”  The praise of men can become quite addicting.
*      Matthew 6:5-8  This passage really makes praying in public difficult.  If you’ve ever stood before an assembly of people and prayed, it’s really difficult not to be on some type of performance basis.  But I think as long as we pray in public in the same way we pray in private, then things will be okay.  That’s the difference I see.  In private, do I really say things like “Oh Father I humbly bow before You this day giving you all praise and honor and glory forever and ever amen”.  Or do I simply say “Father, thank you for your love and care today.  I can’t believe all that You done for me and given me.  Please know how much I love You”.  If you are asked to pray in public, pray as you do in private.  The prayer is given to God, not to men.  And we are asking God to hear our prayers, not for men to applaud our prayers.
*      Matthew 6:9-13  What is commonly called The Lord’s Prayer should more accurately be called The Disciples Prayer.  It is a model of prayer the Lord gave to the disciples.  Please note that Jesus didn’t say to pray these words, but to pray this way.  A disciple of Jesus should pray 1) acknowledging God as Father, 2) displaying reverence and respect toward God, 3) recognizing that God’s Kingdom is not just in Heaven, but also here on earth, 4) permitting God to accomplish His will (and that means either through us or in spite of us), 5) asking God to provide our physical need for today, 6) asking God to provide the Spiritual needs we have today (in this example, forgiveness), and 7) to recognize our spiritual weakness (admit that the Devil’s temptations are often times too difficult to resist).  Again, this style of prayer needs to be framed in the context of what Jesus was really teaching about.  He was scolding those who prayed an empty, casual prayer; merely repeating words to impress men.  What Jesus taught His disciples is a heart issue, not a word issue.  Let’s face it, we all know people who have repeated the Lord’s Prayer, and that’s all it ever was – repeating a bunch of words.  I’d rather hear the honest heart-felt prayer of a child than stand and listen to the church repeat these words with empty hearts completely disengaged from God.
*      Matthew 6:14-15  These verses explain what Jesus said in Matthew 6:12.  In verse 12 it is assumed that the person praying has already shown forgiveness to those who have sinned against them.  “Jesus, I’ve forgiven Sally and Bob for what they’ve done to me.  Likewise, would You please forgive me for what I’ve done to You”.  But, if we refuse to forgive others, does that really mean God will refuse to forgive us?  I know that’s the way it appears, but we need to keep several things in mind.  First, when we think “forgiveness” many of us think “Salvation”.  But by now I hope we all realize that Salvation is not something we earn by forgiving everyone who has hurt us.  That’s not Salvation by grace, that’s Salvation by works.  Secondly is the Greek word paraptoma (par·ap·to·mah).  Commonly translated as Trespass, it speaks of a lapse or fall.  In other words, we do not lose our Salvation when we fail to forgive others, but we have lapsed or fallen out of fellowship with God when we fall out of fellowship with others.  And thirdly, it’s difficult for a person to feel forgiven by God when there is no forgiveness in their heart (compare Ephesians 4:32).  This issue is not discussed about the person praying the sinner’s prayer.  This issue is discussed about the person praying the Lord’s Prayer.  They are already saved.  But God is certainly not pleased with their unforgiving heart.
*      Matthew 6:16-18  Some Pharisees also boasted about their righteousness by publically proclaiming bodily self-denial (fasting).  And they wanted everyone to notice that they were fasting.  Like the other two examples (giving and praying), fasting for personal recognition demonstrated a heart filled with pride, not humility.  And we all know that once pride fills a person’s heart, there is no room left for Jesus.  In each of these teachings (giving, praying, and fasting), Jesus is warning His listeners to be very, very careful that they do not start serving God hoping to receive the praise of men, for righteousness is not found in accolades and compliments, but in Christ, and Christ alone.
*      Matthew 6:19-24  Wow, this is good stuff.  I could spend a week on each section!  Again addressing the crowd but pointing to the Pharisees, Jesus says that if our greatest treasures are the external, temporary things in life (and that includes Man’s praise), then we have truly misunderstood the teachings of God.  When our treasures become our masters, we are in conflict with God.  He is not preeminent in our lives.  He is not first.  The word Money at the end of verse 24 does not simply mean the cash in my savings account.  Some translations rightly use the word Wealth here, or Mammon, as in the King James.  For some, their wealth is their health.  For others, their wealth is their family.  For some, wealth is their job or career.  Regardless of where we put our greatest hope and trust, Jesus says we cannot serve both God and wealth.  One will overrule the other.  And for most Christians, life has been a series of “letting go”; letting go of those things that have stood between them and God.  Just listen to someone talk for a couple of minutes.  You’ll be able to tell what their greatest treasure is; it will be the thing they talk about the most.
*      Matthew 6:25-34  The righteous live by faith, not by finances.  What does that say about us when we spend more time worrying about material things than we do about the Kingdom of Heaven?  What does it say about our faith when the work of the Kingdom is neglected because of an absence of finances?  I suggest that most churches have never lived by faith.  Most of the churches I know accomplish only what they feel is feasible or obtainable.  And when a project or a ministry is beyond their ability to fund, the church ends the ministry instead of believing that God can supply their need.  Sadly, that church never gets the chance to see God do something miraculous.
Matthew 7
*      Matthew 7:1-2  Jesus is still speaking about the Pharisees here.  Apparently they judged others according their own standard of righteousness.  They didn’t smoke or chew or hang out with girls who do.  So, in their own estimation, they were righteous.  But Jesus is about to teach them something of God’s standard of righteousness.  Just when they were about to pat themselves on the back for how much more righteous they were than all those common people around them, Jesus raises the bar.  So if they want to judge themselves righteous based upon something other than God’s grace, then they had better be ready to be judged based upon something other than God’s grace.
*      Matthew 7:3-6  Matthew adds a section here not mentioned in Luke 6:41-42.  Remember how this section actually deals with helping another person (once we’ve dealt with our own sin)?  Well sometimes there are people who simply do not want our help.  We must offer advice that would be appreciated and helpful, but some people just will not listen.  We come to them with advice and counsel about the speck in their eye, yet they simply refuse.  Isn’t this what Jesus did for the people of Israel?  Yet many rejected Him.  Many despised Him.  It didn’t keep Him from offering help, but He certainly didn’t dwell on it.  He even counseled the Twelve to shake the dust off their feet and move on to those who will listen (Matthew 10:14).  Well, I don’t know about you, but I keep dwelling on those who would not listen; wondering if I said the right things or really showed them how much I care.  I think this is one of the hardest things to accept; that some people are so dead-set against God that no amount of pleading or persuading is going to change them.  Or perhaps I’m looking to plant the seed, water the plant, AND reap the harvest all in one sitting.  Maybe I am not the one to reap the harvest.  Maybe I was to be the one to plant the seed.
*      Matthew 7:7-11 This is not a formula or a call to wear down God so He gives us what we want.  This is a demonstration of how loving God is toward His children.  “Keep on asking”, says Jesus, and God will give you what is good”.  So, how does this bit of information fit within the context of what Christ is teaching?  Keep in mind that the Pharisees were teaching a form of religion based upon denial; as if God denied His blessing or love or grace unless we straighten up and act right.  In contrast, Jesus has been teaching that God loves, gives grace, and is patient to those who simply love Him.  Even our earthly fathers demonstrate the basic characteristics of God.  Even when their children disobey, the father still provides and loves.
*      Matthew 7:12  This section was discussed yesterday in Luke 6:27-35.
*      Matthew 7:13-14  Sooner or later you are going to learn that there is a difference between knowing the path and walking the path (thank you Larry and Andy Wachowski for such a great quote).  I have found that knowing truth is far easier than living according to that truth.  It’s a lot easier to know that I am to love my enemies than it is to really love them from my heart.
*      Matthew 7:15-23  Still speaking about the Pharisees and the Teachers of the Law, Jesus compares them to False Prophets and Ravenous Wolves.  What does a false prophet promote?  They promote a different way to righteousness, which is clearly what the Pharisees taught.  They taught righteousness came through obedience to the Law.  But what about the ravenous wolf?  Perhaps these too were the Pharisees, or maybe the Jewish Religious Leaders.  Maybe even the Levitical Priests!  A Ravenous Wolf preys on the weak, and strengthens themselves at the expense of others.  They may appear to be righteous and holy, and they may hold positions of power in religious circles, but they do not present the true gospel of Jesus and they take from others for their own personal gain.  Truthfully, this text should cause every disciple of Jesus to pause.  Why do I volunteer in the Church?  Why have I accepted this leadership position within the Church?  What do I hope to gain by being a Sunday School Teacher or a Deacon? And most importantly, who benefits from all that I do in the name of Jesus?
*      Matthew 7:24-27  This section was discussed yesterday during the reading of Luke 6:46-49.
*      Matthew 7:28-29  The people were blown away by Jesus’ teachings.  He didn’t merely mention the external behaviors which the Law addresses, but He spoke of the internal meditations of a person’s heart.  Jesus spoke of a changed heart that changes behavior, not simply following a Law.  And don’t we still see this today?  Passing laws in Washington does not change a person’s heart.  Passing a law will not change a person.  It merely forces the people to comply with a law.  Then we have to make more laws that address what to do when a person doesn’t obey the law, and we need special people to interpret whether a person really broke the law intentionally or by accident.  However, change a person’s heart and you will find someone willing to obey the law because it is the right thing to do.  Likewise, maybe the Christian Community needs to spend more time working to transform hearts and less time trying to transform the law.  Now, I know the last few sentences shocked some readers.  We’ve been told for a long time that the right thing to do is fight for our religious freedoms in this country and return us back to our Christian roots.  In contrast, I pointed out that what we need to do is stop playing government and instead fill this land with people transformed by the power of God’s Holy Spirit.  And if you felt what I said was radical thinking, then you have grasped the emotions people felt when Jesus spoke from the mountain side.


[1]Lucado, M. 1996. The applause of heaven . Word Pub.: Dallas [Tex.
[2]Zodhiates, S. (2000, c1992, c1993). The complete word study dictionary : New Testament

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